Stay Out of the Sun! by Stephen Bucaro

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Stay Out of the Sun!

By Stephen Bucaro

Scientists believe life on earth started in the sea. That's

because before the appearance of the ozone layer, the

surface of the earth was bathed in life destroying

ultraviolet radiation.

Ozone is a form of oxygen. Whereas, a normal oxygen

molecule consists of two oxygen atoms bound together, ozone

is three oxygen atoms bound together. Ozone is much less

common than normal oxygen. Out of two million oxygen

molecules, only three are ozone. Ozone in the stratosphere

absorbs ultraviolet radiation, making it safe for life on

the surface of the earth.

Ozone molecules in the stratosphere are constantly forming

and breaking up. Industrial development has caused the

release of chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

CFCs in the stratosphere act as a catalyst, breaking down

ozone molecules. CFC molecules are extremely stable. One

CFC molecule can destroy over 100,000 ozone molecules.

CFCs are causing ozone to be destroyed faster than it is

created. This has caused the ozone layer to become thinner.

In fact, a hole in the ozone layer has opened up over

Antarctica. In 2000, the ozone hole measured 32.9 million

square kilometers and extended over populated areas of

Australia.

Exposure to the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight can

result in a skin cancer called "melanoma". According to

the American cancer Society, each year more than a million

new cases of skin cancer are diagnosed. Melanoma is a

highly invasive form of cancer. Even after treatment, a

melanoma can metastasize. Once a melanoma has metastasized,

it rarely responds to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The

life expectancy of an individual with metastasized melanoma

is only a few months, and over 10,000 people die of skin

cancer each year.

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